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 Unfortunately it has to say that main threats to biodiversity are Humans. Humans are fully depended on the natural resources but it is possible to use all these resource without harming the nature, without disrupting the biodiversity, without harming the habitat and the most important thing is not to waste natural resources. We should consume the resources till a limited amount and conserve the resources for our future generation and for other species too; by doing this it is possible that we can keep our climate safe, we can prevent our biodiversity by being threat. By destroying habitat, we eliminate not only prominent species but also many obscure ones of which we may not even be aware. Over harvesting of food species is probably the most obvious way in which humans directly destroy biological resources. There are many, ancient examples of human disturbances of natural systems. Once-fertile areas have become deserts because of frail forestry, grazing, and agricultural practices...

  CHARACTERISTICS OF HAZARDOUS WASTES   The Environmental Protection Agency of America (EPA) defines the characteristics of hazardous waste as:     1. IGNITABILITY: The waste that explodes with the application of fire, electricity spark, or any source of heat; wastes with high ignitable potential or which burn vigorously and persistently. Such waste has a flash point of less than 600C. Examples of these types of wastes are :- solvent washes, waste oil, alcohols, aldehydes, paint wastes, petroleum wastes, cleaning solvents, etc.  2.CORROSIVITY: It is the ability of the waste to cause skin and mucosal membrane damage, burns and erosions and dissolve or corrode metallic surfaces. Such wastes have pH value of 2.512.5 at normal room temperatures (250 C). The corrosion rate for material damage is at 0.625 meters per year at 550 C.   Examples: acid sludge, battery acid wastes, caustic wastewater, alkaline cleaning wastes, rust remover waste, etc. 3.REA...

Nitrogen is an essential constituent of proteins, which are the building blocks of all the living beings. Our atmosphere contains 78% of Nitrogen but it can not be used directly by the majority of living organisms.  There are Five main processes on the basis of which the entire nitrogen cycle can be explained. 1.Nitrogen Fixation : This process involves conversion of gaseous nitrogen into ammonia or nitrates which can be used by plants. It involves the following two steps: a.) Activation: activation of nitrogen requires 169kcal of energy fixation of each mol of nitrogen(28g) & the molecular nitrogen is converted into atomic nitrogen.          N^2---> 2N b.) Fixation : Activated nitrogen combines with hydrogen to from ammonia. In this step per mol synthesis of ammonia liberates 13kcal of energy. 2N+3H^2------> 2NH^3 Atmospheric nitrogen can be fixed to converted to biologically usable form: 1.Atmospheric Fixation:  Lightening, combustion...