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Fig.: Chipko Movement   T he Chipko Movement The Chipko movement was a forest conservation movement in India that started in the 1970s. The name of the movement means “to hug” or “to cling to” in Hindi, because the protesters used to embrace the trees to prevent them from being cut down by loggers. The movement was mainly led by women, who depended on the forests for their livelihood and well-being. The movement also inspired many environmental activists and organizations to fight for the protection of nature and the rights of local communities. Some of the leaders of the Chipko movement were Chandi Prasad Bhatt, Sundarlal Bahuguna, Gaura Devi, and Medha Patkar. The Chipko movement began in the Himalayan region of Uttarakhand, where the forests were threatened by commercial logging and development projects. The villagers, especially the women, realized that the deforestation was causing soil erosion, water scarcity, floods, landslides, and loss of biodiversity. They also ...

  CONSEQUENCES & OUTCOMES OF DEFORESTATION IN INDIA Deforestation is the widespread destruction of major forests in India, which causes environmental degradation, biodiversity loss, climate change impacts, and livelihood threats for many people. CAUSES OF DEFORESTATION  IN INDIA: Conversion of forest land for agriculture, urbanization, industrialization, infrastructure development, etc.  Pollution of forest water and soil due to domestic sewage, industrial effluents, agricultural runoff, solid waste dumping, etc.   Overexploitation of forest resources such as timber, firewood, fodder, non-timber forest products, etc.  Invasion of exotic species that compete with native species and alter the forest ecology.  Forest fires that destroy large areas of vegetation and wildlife. SOME OF THE EFFECTS OF DEFORESTATION IN INDIA: Soil erosion and land degradation that reduce the fertility and productivity of land.  Loss of habitat and species divers...

fig.: Various ways of deforestation   I n simple words we all know the meaning of "Deforestation" which is cutting of a large group of trees at a specific area. But the point of deforestation is to development of an area by cutting the tree which is quite bad from environmentalist's perspective. As plants are the largest ecosystem that sinks carbon and removes it from the environment after cutting plants the concentration of carbon di-oxide increases in the environment, and it gives the reason for "air pollution". In India if you see a waste land or any dumping area these are the perfect example of deforestation. Sometimes forests are cut down by the name of roads, to join the villages with the cities and for the development purposes. But we forget about the ecosystem. One day nature will make us to pay for it. It is important that if we cut a tree we have to plant another tree for a balanced ecosystem. Deforestation is also a natural disaster a simple example o...